Deoxys (Pokémon)

← #385: Jirachi	Pokémon	#387: Turtwig →
This article is about the species. For a specific instance of this species, see Deoxys (disambiguation).

Deoxys デオキシス Deoxys #386
Attack Forme art by Ken Sugimori from FireRed
Type Psychic ' Unknown Unknown Blue-Striped Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown	Category DNA Pokémon
Ability Pressure ----- Blue-Striped -----	Exp. at Lv. 100 1,250,000
Regional Pokédex numbers Kanto #— Johto — Hoenn #202 Sinnoh — Unova Not in any regional Pokédex
Regional Browser numbers Fiore R-211 Almia R— Oblivia X-001
Height 5'07" Imperial 1.7 m Metric 5'07"/1.7 m Red-Striped 0'0"/0.0 m Blue-Striped 0'0"/0.0 m
Weight 134.0 lbs. Imperial 60.8 kg Metric 134.0 lbs./60.8 kg Red-Striped 0.0 lbs./0.0 kg Blue-Striped 0.0 lbs./0.0 kg
Dex color Red	Catch rate 3 (0.4%)
Body style Blue-Striped	Footprint      Blue-Striped
Gender ratio Gender unknown Unknown Gender unknown
Breeding Undiscovered group 121 cycles* (30855 minimum steps)
EV yield HP 0 Atk 2 Def 0 Sp.Atk 1 Sp.Def 0 Speed 0 Base Exp.: 215 Battle Exp.: 2151*
External links On Smogon Pokédex: Generation III Generation IV Generation V Generation VI Generation VII Generation VIII Generation IX Artwork on Bulbagarden Archives

Deoxys (Japanese: デオキシス Deoxys) is a Template:Type2 legendary Pokémon.

Deoxys is not known to evolve into or from any other Pokémon, but it has four different Formes. In Generation III, its form depends on what game is being played. In later Generations, its form can be changed at will in Veilstone City, Nacrene City or on Route 3.

Deoxys is the last Pokémon in the Hoenn Pokédex and National Pokédex within Generation III.

Biology

Physiology

Deoxys has four Formes, each with a different appearance. The main components that are constant for all four Formes are a dominant reddish orange color, with a bluish-green face and three dots similar in color to its face situated in an upwards pointing equilateral triangle on its back. There is typically a purple stripe on the face where a nose would be and it has a purple crystalline organ in its chest. Its eyes are white and circular inside black eye sockets shaped like rounded parallelograms. In the movie Destiny Deoxys, there is a second Deoxys that has a green crystalline organ and stripe on its face. Other color varieties, if any besides the green and purple varieties, are unknown.

The Normal Forme has skinny legs that come to a point. The upper-legs have a single, segmented blue stripe that goes down to the knees. It has an orange skin that covers it except for its black, vertically lined abdomen. Its arms are often in the form of two pairs of cord-like tentacles, red and blue, sometimes coiled in a double helix. Deoxys can reform these tentacles into bluish-green humanoid arms with five-fingered hands, with a red "Y" shape running down the arms' entire length. Deoxys also has two trapezoid-shaped "ears" and a short tail. In Generation IV, this Forme is obtained by touching the middle meteorite in Veilstone City or on Route 3.

The aurora that Deoxys lets off

The Attack Forme has basically the same leg-shape as the Normal Forme, but the stripes are no longer segmented and run down for mostly all of the legs' length, with a large spike on each knee. In place of its arms Deoxys has a pair of whip-like tentacles that come to a point were its hands would be. Deoxys has triangle-shaped "ears" and a single spike on top of its head. Most of the orange "skin" has disappeared to reveal even more of a black, lined inner body, with the lines shown to converge at the crystalline organ. In Generation IV, this Forme is obtained by touching the southeast meteorite in Veilstone City or on Route 3.

The Defense Forme is bulky and thick; it has wide legs that are somewhat flat at the end and have a bluish-green spot on each of the knees. It has flat, broad tentacles that can't be twisted and hang down to the ground when not defending Deoxys. In addition, Deoxys' head has been fused with its body, resembling a helmet. Its "skin" has thickened and covered all of its body parts for greater defense. In Generation IV, this Forme is obtained by touching the southwest meteorite in Veilstone City or on Route 3.

The Speed Forme has a sleek gray body. Deoxys only has one tentacle on each side of its body; one red, one blue. The back of Deoxys' head is elongated and comes to a point. It has also lost most of its orange "skin" from its body and has narrow appendages, making it streamlined and aerodynamic. Almost all of its body is shown to be of a black matter, and the lines cover the entire length of its body, from the ends of its legs to its neck. In Generation IV, this Forme is obtained by touching the northernmost meteorite in Veilstone City or on Route 3.

Gender differences

Deoxys is a genderless species.

Special abilities

The aurora at night

Deoxys mostly has the ability to change its appearance and stats to suit whatever situation it may be in during battle. Deoxys can also regenerate any part of its body that it may have lost during a battle. It appears that as long as its crystalline organ is intact, it can regenerate its entire body. In the anime, Deoxys took four years to regenerate its whole self after being completely obliterated by Rayquaza.

Deoxys can release an Aurora every time it changes its forme, but releasing an Aurora is not required to change forme. In the Movie Destiny Deoxys, it is shown that Deoxys can create an aurora at will without changing forme, and can communicate with other Deoxys with auroras of different wavelengths.

In the anime and manga, Deoxys is also seen with the ability to create clones of itself. They appear with lifeless eyes, have dulled-down colors, lack of the trademark crystal on the chest and appear to be unable to use other Formes besides Normal Forme. Unlike Normal Forme for a non-clone Deoxys, clones appear to only use its "tentacles" rather than the hands its tentacles can morph into. When these clones are defeated, they dissolve into shiny dust-like particles.

Behavior

Deoxys tend to keep to themselves, but befriend humans they trust.

Habitat

Deoxys was a virus of alien origin resting in a stray meteor, and while it flew through the atmosphere, the virus mutated into the first known Deoxys.

Diet

Main article: Pokémon food

In the anime

Major appearances

Deoxys first appeared in Destiny Deoxys. One with a green crystalline organ fell to earth in a meteorite. A second Deoxys (with a purple crystalline organ) came to LaRousse City to search for it but ended up in an epic battle with Rayquaza. As Pokémon Emerald had not been released when the movie was produced, only its Defense, Normal and Attack Formes appeared.

Deoxys also appeared in the special episode Pokémon Ranger - Deoxys Crisis!. This is where Deoxys's Speed Forme debuted.

A Deoxys appeared in Cheers on Castaways Isle! in all of its formes.

Minor appearances

A Deoxys had a cameo apperance at the beginning of Zoroark: Master of Illusions.

In the manga

In Pokémon Adventures

Main article: Deoxys (Adventures)

Deoxys plays a major role in the events of the FireRed & LeafGreen arc. During the disaster in the previous chapter, Team Rocket infiltrated the Mossdeep Space Center and stole a virus that had been exposed to a laser beam while in space, then ended up attached to a meteorite. In their care, the virus split into two entities and developed into two separate Deoxys, appropriately named Entities 1 and 2. While the leaders of Team Rocket stayed on in Hoenn, other members took the two Deoxys back to Kanto. The team transporting the Deoxys were startled when the Deoxys began to change forme (as Normal and Speed forms had been previously documented) and Entity Two took advantage of this and escaped, accidentally absorbing some of Red's blood in the escape. Giovanni used the weaker Entity One to capture Green's parents and Professor Oak. Red was tricked into battling Entity Two, who defeated him but was captured by Giovanni. Around this time, Team Rocket managed to duplicate the climate of Hoenn and allowed Deoxys to transform into all of its formes. Giovanni used Entity Two to locate his son, Silver and set out for Viridian City. Red came to Giovanni, and challenged him with Mewtwo. Ultimately triumphing due to Bill shutting down the Hoenn climate machine on Chrono Island, Giovanni revealed that he disposed of Entity One and Yellow used her abilities to inform Red of his link to Deoxys. When one of the Team Rocket members tried to usurp control, Deoxys transported Giovanni, Silver, Yellow, and Mewtwo out of harm's way before helping Red to regain control of the ship. As the disaster ended and all of the protagonists reunited, Sird tried to capture Deoxys, but ended up turning the heroes to stone. Entity Two then sped towards a distant region in hopes of being allowed to freely transfer between formes and locating Entity One.

In Pokémon Diamond and Pearl Adventure!

Deoxys plays a large part in a Special Chapter of Volume 3 in the series. Hareta and Mitsumi are in Veilstone City. They come upon the large meteorite, and Mitsumi proceeds to tell him that there is a Pokémon that comes from a meteorite. He tells her that he's met Deoxys. She freaks out and doesn't believe him, so he tells the story of how he met Deoxys. Hareta is seen jumping around the forest until he starts riding a Drifloon. A Murkrow flies toward them and pecks the Drifloon, causing it to explode. Hareta is seen plummeting to the ground, and then bouncing off a Bibarel's stomach. He lays down on the ground with the Bibarel as a pillow, when the Bibarel starts getting worried, because it sees the meteorite containing Deoxys zooming to the ground. The Bibarel tries to tell Hareta what's happening, and he looks up and wonders what it is. The Pokémon and Hareta try to get away as the meteorite crashes down. Deoxys emerges from the meteor, and Hareta thinks it might be a Pokémon. Meanwhile, Mars and some grunts saw the crash, and begin to battle it. It, of course, defeats Team Galactic's puny Pokémon. Professor Rowan shows up, a little worried that something might've happened to Hareta. He asks Rowan what happened to "that weird Pokémon". They then see Deoxys, and Rowan is shocked to see such a rare Pokémon. It transforms to Attack Forme and fires off what seems to be a Hyper Beam at Hareta and Rowan. Rowan tells Hareta not to make it any madder, but instead he jumps on top of Deoxys and asks it what's wrong. It flings him off, then tries to fire another Hyper Beam at him, but he jumps around it, evading it completely. He jumps on it again, but it transforms to Speed Forme while he is still on it. It starts flying around the forest with Hareta, while he asks Deoxys what's wrong once more. It tells him what's wrong, but it throws him off itself. Then he battles Deoxys with his friends from the forest. Onix tries to Headbutt it, but it misses. It transforms to Defense Forme, and then Hareta jumps on Deoxys and covers its eyes. Then he tells a bunch of Kricketune to have a "super bug concert". Rowan compliments him on the super-effectiveness of the attack, then it transforms back to Normal Forme. It becomes calmer, but transforms to Attack Forme and fires off another Hyper Beam, but it hits a Drifloon. It explodes, defeating Deoxys. Deoxys is totally calm now, and it merges its tentacles to create a hand, and it shakes hands with Hareta. Hareta finishes telling the story to Mitsumi, and tells her that it wanted to find out more about this planet.

In the TCG

Main article: Deoxys (TCG)

Other appearances

Super Smash Bros. Brawl

An Attack Forme Deoxys will sometimes be released from a Poké Ball. It floats gently towards the top of the screen. It will spin gracefully and begin to glow. When fully facing the front, it will cast a powerful Hyper Beam, drawing in all the opponents near it and sending them flying.

Trophy Information

A DNA Pokémon born through the mutation of the DNA of a space virus. It has multiple formes, and the abilities it possesses and the techniques it can remember change from form to form. It has four forms: normal, attack, defense, and speed. It can be made to change forms by using the power of a meteorite in Veilstone City.

Game data

Pokédex entries

Game locations

In side games

In events

Held items

Game		Held Item(s)
Events*		NeverMeltIce (100%)	Petaya Berry (50%)
		Ganlon Berry (50%)

Stats

Base stats

Pokéathlon stats

Type effectiveness

Learnset

By TM/HM

Generation V Other generations: III - IV - VI - VII - VIII - IX
TM		Move	Type	Cat.	Pwr.	Acc.	PP
	TM03	Psycho Shock	Psychic	Special	08080	100}}100%	10
	TM04	Calm Mind	Psychic	Status	0000—	—}}—%	20
	TM06	Toxic	Poison	Status	0000—	090}}90%	10
	TM10	Hidden Power	Normal	Special	0000—	100}}100%	15
	TM11	Sunny Day	Fire	Status	0000—	—}}—%	5
	TM12	Taunt	Dark	Status	0000—	100}}100%	20
	TM13	Ice Beam	Ice	Special	09595	100}}100%	10
	TM15	Hyper Beam	Normal	Special	150150	090}}90%	5
	TM16	Light Screen	Psychic	Status	0000—	—}}—%	30
	TM17	Protect	Normal	Status	0000—	—}}—%	10
	TM18	Rain Dance	Water	Status	0000—	—}}—%	5
	TM19	Telekinesis	Psychic	Status	0000—	—}}—%	15
	TM20	Safeguard	Normal	Status	0000—	—}}—%	25
	TM21	Frustration	Normal	Physical	0000—	100}}100%	20
	TM22	SolarBeam	Grass	Special	120120	100}}100%	10
	TM24	Thunderbolt	Electric	Special	09595	100}}100%	15
	TM25	Thunder	Electric	Special	120120	070}}70%	10
	TM27	Return	Normal	Physical	0000—	100}}100%	20
	TM29	Psychic	Psychic	Special	09090	100}}100%	10
	TM30	Shadow Ball	Ghost	Special	08080	100}}100%	15
	TM31	Brick Break	Fighting	Physical	07575	100}}100%	15
	TM32	Double Team	Normal	Status	0000—	—}}—%	15
	TM33	Reflect	Psychic	Status	0000—	—}}—%	20
	TM39	Rock Tomb	Rock	Physical	05050	080}}80%	10
	TM40	Aerial Ace	Flying	Physical	06060	—}}—%	20
	TM41	Torment	Dark	Status	0000—	100}}100%	15
	TM42	Facade	Normal	Physical	07070	100}}100%	20
	TM44	Rest	Psychic	Status	0000—	—}}—%	10
	TM47	Ankle Sweep	Fighting	Physical	06060	100}}100%	20
	TM48	Round	Normal	Special	06060	100}}100%	15
	TM51	Side Change	Psychic	Status	0000—	—}}—%	15
	TM52	Focus Blast	Fighting	Special	120120	070}}70%	5
	TM53	Energy Ball	Grass	Special	08080	100}}100%	10
	TM56	Fling	Dark	Physical	0000—	100}}100%	10
	TM57	Charge Beam	Electric	Special	05050	090}}90%	10
	TM68	Giga Impact	Normal	Physical	150150	090}}90%	5
	TM70	Flash	Normal	Status	0000—	100}}100%	20
	TM73	Thunder Wave	Electric	Status	0000—	100}}100%	20
	TM77	Psych Up	Normal	Status	0000—	—}}—%	10
	TM80	Rock Slide	Rock	Physical	07575	090}}90%	10
	TM84	Poison Jab	Poison	Physical	08080	100}}100%	20
	TM85	Dream Eater	Psychic	Special	100100	100}}100%	15
	TM86	Grass Knot	Grass	Special	0000—	100}}100%	20
	TM87	Swagger	Normal	Status	0000—	090}}90%	15
	TM90	Substitute	Normal	Status	0000—	—}}—%	10
	TM91	Flash Cannon	Steel	Special	08080	100}}100%	10
	TM92	Trick Room	Psychic	Status	0000—	—}}—%	5
	TM94	Rock Smash	Fighting	Physical	04040	100}}100%	15
	HM01	Cut	Normal	Physical	05050	095}}95%	30
	HM04	Strength	Normal	Physical	08080	100}}100%	15
Bold indicates a move that gets STAB when used by Deoxys Italic indicates a move that gets STAB only when used by an evolution of Deoxys Click on the generation numbers at the top to see TM moves from other generations

By tutoring

Side game data

Pokémon Pinball  N/A  Not available		Pokémon Pinball RS  N/A  Not available		Pokémon Trozei!    Rarity: Rare
Pokémon Mystery Dungeon Red Rescue Team and Blue Rescue Team Body size: 1 Recruit rate: 0% Friend Area: Enclosed Island Phrases 51%-100% HP My HP is between 51% and 100%. 26%-50% HP My HP is between 26% and 50%. 1%-25% HP My HP is between 1% and 25%. Level up I leveled up. Partner phrases 51%-100% HP <name>, my HP is between 51% and 100%. 26%-50% HP <name>, my HP is between 26% and 50%. 1%-25% HP <name>, my HP is between 1% and 25%. Level up I leveled up.
Pokémon Mystery Dungeon Explorers of Time, Explorers of Darkness, and Explorers of Sky Body size: 1 Recruit rate: -10% IQ group: F
Pokémon Ranger Group:  Psychic  Poké Assist: ( Psychic ) Field move: None Loops: 13 (Attack forme) 17 (Defense forme) 3 (Speed forme) 9 (Normal forme) Min. exp.: 470 Max. exp.: 570 Browser entry   Deoxys has the ability to transform four ways. Little is known about it, however.
Pokémon Ranger: Shadows of Almia Group:  Normal  Poké Assist: None Field move: None Browser entry   This Pokémon does not have a browser entry.
Pokémon Ranger: Guardian Signs Group: Poké Assist: Field move:  Normal  None Past ( Normal ) None Past (Electrify ×1) Browser entry   This Pokémon does not have a browser entry.
Pokémon Rumble N/A Not Available Defense Speed N/A Not Available Defense Speed			Pokémon Rumble Blast Normal Forme N/A Not Available Defense Speed Attack Forme N/A Not Available Defense Speed Defense Forme N/A Not Available Defense Speed Speed Forme N/A Not Available Defense Speed
PokéPark Wii: Pikachu's Adventure PokéPark Pad entry: Deoxys made his way to the PokéPark chasing after a shining Prism Piece. He's a dazzling performer at Rayquaza's Balloon Panic.
PokéPark 2: Wonders Beyond Strong: {{{Park2strong}}} Weak: {{{Park2weak}}} PokéPark Pad entry: This Pokémon has no PokéPark Pad entry.
Pokémon Conquest HP: Move: {{{ConquestMove}}} Attack: Ability 1: {{{ConquestAbility1}}} Defense: Ability 2: {{{ConquestAbility2}}} Speed: Ability 3: {{{ConquestAbility3}}} Does not evolve. Range: 0 Perfect Links: {{{ConquestLink}}}

Evolution

RS Normal Forme Deoxys  Psychic

↔

FR Attack Forme Deoxys  Psychic

↔

LG Defense Forme Deoxys  Psychic

↔

E Speed Forme Deoxys  Psychic

Sprites

Gen	Game
I	Red	Blue	Yellow		Red (Ja)	Green	Back
	This Pokémon did not appear during Generation I.
II	Gold	Silver	Crystal				Back
	This Pokémon did not appear during Generation II.
III	Ruby	Sapphire	Emerald		FireRed	LeafGreen	Back
IV	Diamond	Pearl	Platinum		HeartGold	SoulSilver	Back
V	Black	White	Black 2	White 2			Back

For other sprites and images, please see Deoxys images on Bulbagarden Archives.

Trivia

• The Attack Forme of Deoxys has the highest base Attack and Special Attack of any non-glitch Pokémon; although Marowak holding a Thick Club achieves a higher absolute Attack stat (504 vs. 568, respectively).
  • Likewise, the Speed Forme of Deoxys has the highest Speed of any Pokémon.
  • Despite this, Deoxys's Attack Forme has the lowest Special Defense of all Pokémon, on par with Magikarp and Carvanha.
    • Its Attack Forme has both of the lowest individual stats of any legendary Pokémon.
• It has the lowest HP stat of all legendary Pokémon.
• The Defense Forme of Deoxys has the highest base Defense and Special Defense of any Psychic-type Pokémon.
• All of Deoxys's forms are available in Generation IV; however, unlike Generation III, they can freely be changed in-game by inspecting the meteorites in Veilstone City or on Route 3.
• Deoxys is the final Pokémon in the Hoenn Pokédex, yet it was first found in the wild in a Kanto-based game. Likewise, the final Pokémon in the Kanto Pokédex, Mew, was first found (legitimately) wild in a Hoenn-based game.
• When recruited in Pokémon Mystery Dungeon: Red Rescue Team and Blue Rescue Team Deoxys will be in its Normal Forme when playing in the overworld; however, when exploring a dungeon, Deoxys's form will be randomly selected each time the player progresses to a new floor.
• Although Deoxys is the last Pokémon in the National Pokédex in the Generation III, it was not the Pokémon with the highest index number: this was Chimecho.
• In Pokémon Ranger, Deoxys's form changes every time its Browser entry is accessed. It cycles in order from Normal Forme to Attack Forme to Defense Forme to Speed Forme and finally back to Normal Forme.
• Deoxys was the first Pokémon to have its own unique battle music. The second Pokémon to have its own unique music was Arceus, followed by Giratina, the latter in Platinum only, which was then followed by Lugia and Ho-Oh in HeartGold and SoulSilver. All other legendary Pokémon share battle themes with at least one other.
  • However, Suicune, Entei, and Raikou's battle music was done with different instruments; Suicune's uses bells, Entei's uses an electric guitar, and Raikou's is synthesized. This only applies in HeartGold and SoulSilver.
• In the anime and in Pokémon Ranger, Deoxys is able to change to any of its forms at will regardless of where it is. While it can willingly change in the Pokémon Adventures manga, its choices are limited by the environment.
• Deoxys and Wormadam are the only Pokémon to have different EV yields depending on their form and are, as such, the only Pokémon with varying EV yields.
• Using the first letter from the names of three of Deoxys' formes, one can spell "DNA" (Defense, Normal, Attack). The letter "s" at the ending of Deoxys's name could stand for Speed
• Deoxys is the only Pokémon whose form change is triggered by different events between generations.
• Due to the cause of Forme change in Generation III being the game Deoxys is in, only Speed Forme Deoxys is banned from the Battle Frontier, as only Speed Forme Deoxys is obtainable in Emerald.
• The Attack Forme and Normal Forme of Deoxys are the only Pokémon in the game that surpass Arceus in more than two base stats. Both Formes surpass it in Attack, Speed, and Special Attack.
• In the games, Hoenn is the only region where all four Formes have not been available, and cannot be changed in-game.
• Although the Ken Sugimori and anime art display Deoxys as being red and blue, prior to Generation V, its in-game sprites are red and green.

Events

• Because of the results of a poll among fans, Deoxys was given away along with pre-ordered tickets to Japanese theater showings of The Rise of Darkrai. It is holding NeverMeltIce, a reference to the fact that Deoxys's first appearance in Destiny Deoxys is at the north pole.
• A UK event in 2005 known as "The Hunt for Deoxys" was held at Vue cinemas for two days each across the country, where players of FireRed and LeafGreen were able to download the AuroraTicket. Players could also try out Pokémon XD and Pokémon Emerald.
• In 2008, Deoxys was distributed in the United States at GameStop locations on June 20-22, and June 27-29. It knows Psycho Boost, Zap Cannon, Iron Defense, and ExtremeSpeed and holds a NeverMeltIce.
• The third Pokémon Ranger game, Pokémon Ranger: Guardian Signs, has a mission accessible only by event that allows the player to obtain a Deoxys and transfer it to any fourth generation main series game. An unlimited number of Deoxys can be obtained and sent by re-completing the mission, but each save file of the fourth generation game can only receive one of any kind of Guardian sign Deoxys. This can be overcome by restarting the fourth generation game and starting a new save file to send the Deoxys to. The Deoxys can come with one of two special moves unobtainable for Deoxys by any other means. These are Detect for the Defense forme Deoxys, and Meteor Mash for the Attack forme Deoxys. These two are the hardest types of Deoxys to obtain in the mission. Two Pokémon Ranger: Guardian Signs games are required to complete the mission wirelessly as well as two DS systems, but only one game needs to have the event downloaded. Only the leader in the mission will obtain the Deoxys to send over if the mission is successful. The mission is rated as 3 1/2 stars difficulty.

Origin

Deoxys appears to draw inspiration from certain representations of aliens and visual representations of the DNA double helix.

Name origin

Deoxys's name is an abbreviation of deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, the medium of genetic code in many cellular organisms. It was also mentioned in the 7th movie that Professor Lund gave it the name Deoxys.

In other languages

• German: Deoxys
• French: Deoxys
• Korean: 테오키스 Teokis
• Chinese (Taiwan): 代歐奇希斯 Dài Ōu Qí Xī Sī - Transliteration of its Japanese name.

External links

Normal Forme Deoxys on Smogon Pokédex (Generation III)
Normal Forme Deoxys on Smogon Pokédex (Generation IV)

Defense Forme Deoxys on Smogon Pokédex (Generation III)
Defense Forme Deoxys on Smogon Pokédex (Generation IV)
Speed Forme Deoxys on Smogon Pokédex (Generation III)
Speed Forme Deoxys on Smogon Pokédex (Generation IV)

Notes

Template:Nav

← #385: Jirachi

Pokémon

#387: Turtwig →

This Pokémon article is part of Project Pokédex, a Bulbapedia project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each Pokémon as a species.